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ʿEin as-Sulṭān alsoʿAin Sulṭān Camp ((アラビア語:مخيّم عين سلطان)) is a village and Palestinian refugee camp in the Jericho Governorate in the eastern West Bank situated in the Jordan Valley, located 1 kilometers north-west of Jericho near the spring ʿEin as-Sulṭān. ʿEin as-Sulṭān had a population of over 1,469 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.〔(Projected Mid -Year Population for Jericho District by Locality 2004- 2006 ) Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics〕 In 1997, refugees constituted 81% of the population.〔(Palestinian Population by Locality and Refugee Status ) (1997) Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.〕 ==History== The first permanent settlement built near ancient Jericho was by the Ein as-Sultan spring between 8000 and 7000 BC by an unknown people, and consisted of a number of walls, a religious shrine, and a 23-foot (7.0 m) tower with an internal staircase. After a few centuries, it was abandoned for a second settlement established in 6800 BC close by.〔Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert M.; Berney, K. A.; Schellinger, Paul E. (1994). International dictionary of historic places. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-884964-03-6, ISBN 978-1-884964-03-9. p. 367–370.〕 The Crusaders improved the water mills at Ein as Sultan to crush sugar cane in ''tawahin es-sukkar'' (sugar mills) and exported the sugar to Jerusalem.〔Michael Dumper, Bruce E. Stanley, Janet L. Abu-Lughod (2007) Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1-57607-919-8 p 205〕〔Abraham L. Udovitch (1981) The Islamic Middle East, 700-1900: Studies in Economic and Social History Darwin Press, ISBN 0-87850-030-8 p 122〕 The Crusaders are credited with introducing sugarcane production to the city.〔Hull, Edward (1855). Mount Seir, Sinai and Western Palestine. Richard Bently and Sons..〕 ʿEin as-Sulṭān camp was established in 1948, on 870 dunums of arid land below the Mount of Temptation. Just before the 1967 Arab-Israeli conflict, the camp had accommodated some 20,000 refugees. During the hostilities the majority of the refugees fled across the Jordan River to Jordan.〔Laurie A. Brand (1991) Palestinians in the Arab World: Institution Building and the Search for State Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-06723-2, p 152〕 In 1987 the authorities tried to expel as many of the refugees as they could. The US reports state that the refugees were suffering from "deteriorating economic circumstances".〔Near East/South Asia Report By United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service, United States Joint Publications Research Service Published by Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1987 pp 16 and 28〕 Today, ʿEin Sulṭān has a small population of only 1,732 registered refugees. Some non-refugees have moved onto the camp's lands and built illegal homes as there is over-crowding and Israel authorities controls the issuing of building permits.〔〔(Badil )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ein as-Sultan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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